ArXiv is a highly popular and influential online repository of scientific papers, specifically in the fields of mathematics, physics, computer science, and other related disciplines.

Cancer is a broad term used to describe a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells in the body.

Open-source software (OSS) refers to computer software that is created and distributed with its source code freely available for anyone to use, modify, and distribute.

Open science is the movement to make scientific research (including publications, data, physical samples, and software) and its dissemination accessible to all levels of society, amateur or professional.

In academic publishing, a preprint is a version of a scholarly or scientific paper that precedes formal peer review and publication in a peer-reviewed scholarly or scientific journal.

Psychology is the scientific study of the human mind and behavior.

Reproducibility, closely related to replicability and repeatability, is a major principle underpinning the scientific method.