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Natura 2000

Natura 2000 is a network of protected areas in the European Union. It consists of sites that are designated under the Birds Directive and the Habitats Directive.

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It consists of sites that are designated under the Birds Directive and the Habitats Directive. The network aims to protect and preserve Europe's most valuable and threatened species and habitats. Established in 1992, Natura 2000 is one of the largest conservation networks in the world. It covers approximately 27% of the EU's land area and over 10% of its marine area. The network includes a wide range of habitats, such as forests, wetlands, grasslands, and coastal areas, as well as important breeding and resting grounds for migratory birds. The network's main objective is to ensure the long-term survival of rare and endangered species, as well as the preservation of their habitats. It imposes strict regulations on activities that may have a negative impact on these sites, such as development, agriculture, and industrial activities. However, it also provides opportunities for sustainable development, nature-based tourism, and recreation. Natura 2000 sites are selected based on their ecological importance and the presence of rare or vulnerable species and habitats. Member states of the European Union are required to designate and manage these sites, and they receive financial support from the EU for this purpose. The network also promotes international collaboration and coordination to address common conservation challenges. Despite its effectiveness in protecting biodiversity, Natura 2000 has faced some criticisms and challenges. Some argue that the network places undue restrictions on landowners and economic activities, leading to conflicts and resistance. There are also concerns about the insufficient implementation and management of the sites, as well as the lack of public awareness and involvement. Nevertheless, Natura 2000 remains a crucial tool for nature conservation in Europe. It has contributed to the recovery of numerous species and habitats, and it plays a vital role in preserving the continent's natural heritage. Efforts are ongoing to improve the network's effectiveness, address the challenges it faces, and ensure the long-term success of its conservation goals.