Biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms on Earth, encompassing the different species, ecosystems, and genetic variations that exist.

Conservation biology is the study of the conservation of nature and of Earth's biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction and the erosion of biotic interactions.

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), known informally as the Biodiversity Convention, is a multilateral treaty.

Ecosystem services are the benefits that people obtain from ecosystems.

The Wikipedia page titled "Endangered species" provides information about a classification system that identifies and lists species that are at risk of extinction.

The Wikipedia page for the European Union provides an in-depth overview of the supranational political and economic organization that consists of 27 member states located in Europe.

The Industrial Revolution was a period of major economic and technological changes that took place in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.