Clinical trials are prospective biomedical or behavioral research studies on human participants designed to answer specific questions about biomedical or behavioral interventions, including new treatments (such as novel vaccines, drugs, dietary choices, dietary supplements, and medical devices) and known interventions that warrant further study and comparison.

A disease, in the context of health, is a condition that impairs the normal functioning of the body or mind.

The genetic code is the set of rules that determine how genetic information encoded in DNA or RNA sequences is translated into proteins.

Medical diagnosis is the process of determining which disease or condition explains a person's symptoms and signs.

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services.

Physical therapy (PT), also known as physiotherapy, is a branch of healthcare that aims to enhance and restore physical function and movement in individuals who have been affected by injury, illness, or disability.