About

Born on January 22, 1908, in Baku, Azerbaijan, Landau showed exceptional talent in mathematics and physics from a young age. He completed his undergraduate studies at Leningrad State University and later earned his doctorate from the same institution. Landau's early work focused on condensed matter physics, where he developed the theory of superfluidity, explaining the unusual behavior of liquid helium at extremely low temperatures. This groundbreaking work earned him the prestigious Stalin Prize in 1949. He also made significant contributions to the theory of diamagnetism and the concept of second sound. In the 1930s, Landau became interested in quantum mechanics and Quantum Electrodynamics (QED). He worked on developing a quantum mechanical description of the electron, making important contributions to the field of theoretical particle physics. Additionally, he introduced the concept of the bare electron mass, which played a crucial role in the development of renormalization theory. During World War II, Landau worked on various projects related to the Soviet Union's defense efforts. He later became involved in the field of cosmic-ray physics, making significant contributions to the understanding of high-energy particle interactions and the nature of cosmic-ray showers. Landau was known for his exceptional mathematical abilities and the clarity of his thinking. He developed a unique approach to problem-solving, known as "Landau School," which emphasized the application of fundamental principles to complex phenomena. Many of his students went on to become influential physicists themselves. In 1962, Landau suffered a severe car accident that left him in a coma for two months. Despite the extensive brain damage, he made a remarkable recovery and continued to work on physics until his death in 1968. His accomplishments earned him numerous awards, including the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1962 for his pioneering work on the theory of superfluidity. Today, Lev Landau is recognized as one of the greatest theoretical physicists of the 20th century. His contributions to various branches of physics, including condensed matter physics, quantum mechanics, particle physics, and astrophysics, have had a lasting impact on the field. His ability to bridge mathematical rigor with physical intuition continues to inspire generations of physicists.