The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) is an American international non-profit organization with the stated mission of promoting cooperation among scientists, defending scientific freedom, encouraging scientific responsibility, and supporting scientific education and science outreach for the betterment of all humanity.

The American Association of Immunologists (AAI) is an international scientific society dedicated to furthering the study of immunology.

The Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences is a scientific award, funded by internet entrepreneurs Mark Zuckerberg and Priscilla Chan of Facebook; Sergey Brin of Google; entrepreneur and venture capitalist Yuri Milner; and Anne Wojcicki, one of the founders of the genetics company 23andMe.

Cancer is a broad term used to describe a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells in the body.

Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncotherapy) is the stimulation of the immune system to treat cancer, improving the immune system's natural ability to fight the disease.

The Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) is a doctoral degree most commonly awarded by universities in recognition of academic research and the culmination of a person's education in a particular field of study.

Immunology is the branch of biomedical science that focuses on the study of the immune system, including its structure, function, and ability to defend the body against foreign substances and diseases.