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It is a weaker bond than covalent or ionic bonds but plays a crucial role in many biological and chemical processes. In a hydrogen bond, the hydrogen atom becomes partially positively charged due to its low electronegativity, while the electronegative atom is partially negatively charged. This creates an electrostatic attraction between the two atoms, allowing them to form a bond. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for many unique properties of water, such as its high boiling point, surface tension, and ability to dissolve many substances. They also play a critical role in the structure of biomolecules, such as DNA and proteins, as well as in protein-ligand interactions and enzyme-substrate binding. Understanding hydrogen bonds is important in various scientific disciplines, including chemistry, biology, and materials science. Scientists have developed various techniques to study hydrogen bonds, such as X-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and computational modeling. This Wikipedia page on hydrogen bonds provides a detailed explanation of the concept, its importance in various fields, different types of hydrogen bonds, and their role in biological and chemical processes. It also discusses the history of the discovery of hydrogen bonds and notable scientists who made significant contributions to this field.