Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field that combines biology, computer science, mathematics, and statistics to study and analyze biological data.

Cancer is a broad term used to describe a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells in the body.

Chemotherapy is a widely used treatment method in the field of oncology, aimed at treating cancer by administering drugs that kill rapidly dividing cells.

Clinical trials are prospective biomedical or behavioral research studies on human participants designed to answer specific questions about biomedical or behavioral interventions, including new treatments (such as novel vaccines, drugs, dietary choices, dietary supplements, and medical devices) and known interventions that warrant further study and comparison.

Drug development is the process of bringing a new pharmaceutical drug to the market once a lead compound has been identified through the process of drug discovery.

In the fields of medicine, biotechnology and pharmacology, drug discovery is the process by which new candidate medications are discovered.

Enthalpy is a fundamental concept in thermodynamics that measures the total heat content of a system.

Entropy is a concept in thermodynamics and information theory that measures the randomness or disorder in a system.