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Drainage basin

A drainage basin, also known as a catchment area or watershed, is an area of land where all water flows to a common outlet, such as a river, stream, or lake. This outlet may eventually lead to the ocean.

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This outlet may eventually lead to the ocean. The concept of a drainage basin is important in understanding the movement and distribution of water across the Earth's surface. The boundaries of a drainage basin are determined by the topography or geography of the land. The highest points of a drainage basin are known as the divide, where water flows in one direction towards a specific outlet. The size of a drainage basin can vary greatly, from small ones encompassing only a few square kilometers to large ones occupying entire continents. The water that enters a drainage basin can come from various sources, including precipitation, such as rain or snowfall, and groundwater seepage. The movement of water within the basin is known as hydrological cycle and involves processes like evaporation, condensation, precipitation, infiltration, and runoff. Drainage basins play a crucial role in the Earth's ecosystems and have significant impacts on the availability of water resources. They are important for providing freshwater for human use, agricultural activities, and sustaining aquatic habitats. Additionally, they also influence the distribution of nutrients and sediments within a region. Understanding the characteristics and functioning of drainage basins is essential for effective water management and conservation efforts.