Acute kidney injury (AKI), previously called acute renal failure (ARF), is a sudden decrease in kidney function that develops within 7 days, as shown by an increase in serum creatinine or a decrease in urine output, or both.

A Caesarean section, also known as C-section, is a surgical procedure in which a baby is delivered through an incision made in the mother's abdominal wall and uterus.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) refers to a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is a national public health agency in the United States.

A congenital disorder, also known as a birth defect, is a medical condition that is present at or before birth.

The Council of Europe is an international organization founded in 1949 that aims to promote democracy, human rights, and the rule of law in Europe.

Cryopreservation or cryoconservation is a process where biological material - cells, tissues, or organs - are frozen to preserve the material for an extended period of time.

The European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) was founded in 1985 by Robert Edwards (University of Cambridge) and Jean Cohen (Paris), who felt that the study and research in the field of reproduction needed to be encouraged and recognized.