Vaccine
A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular infectious disease. Vaccines are typically made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins, or one of its surface proteins.
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Vaccines are typically made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins, or one of its surface proteins. They work by stimulating the immune system to recognize and respond to the specific pathogen, without causing the disease itself. This helps the body develop a memory of the pathogen, so that it can mount a stronger and quicker response if exposed to the actual infectious agent in the future. Vaccines have been developed for a wide range of diseases, including influenza, polio, measles, hepatitis, and meningitis, among others. They have been instrumental in preventing millions of deaths and reducing the burden of infectious diseases worldwide. However, the successful vaccination campaigns have also faced challenges, such as vaccine hesitancy and misinformation, which can undermine their effectiveness. Ongoing research and development continue to improve vaccine effectiveness, safety, and accessibility.