About

Established in 1992, the convention recognizes the importance of stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere to prevent dangerous interference with the climate system. It also emphasizes the principle of equity and common but differentiated responsibility among countries, taking into account their different capabilities and contributions to greenhouse gas emissions. The UNFCCC sets out a framework for international cooperation on climate change, with the ultimate objective of achieving "stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. " This objective is pursued through various means, including mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions, adaptation to the impacts of climate change, and financial and technological support to developing countries. The convention has a Conference of the Parties (COP), which is the supreme body of the UNFCCC and meets annually to review progress in implementing the convention. The COP has led to the adoption of several important agreements, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 1997 and the Paris Agreement in 2015. The Kyoto Protocol established legally binding emission reduction targets for developed countries, while the Paris Agreement aims to keep global warming well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1. 5 degrees Celsius. The UNFCCC has been recognized as a key global initiative to combat climate change, bringing together governments, civil society, and other stakeholders to collectively address the urgent issue of climate change. However, its effectiveness and overall impact in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating climate change are still subjects of debate.