The Abel Prize is a prestigious international mathematics award named after the Norwegian mathematician Niels Henrik Abel.

Aboriginal Australians refers to the indigenous people of Australia who have lived on the continent for at least 65,000 years.

Ada Lovelace was an English mathematician and writer, known for her work on Charles Babbage's early mechanical general-purpose computer, the Analytical Engine.

Albert Einstein was a renowned physicist who revolutionized our understanding of the universe.

The American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAA&S) is one of the oldest learned societies in the United States.

The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) is an American international non-profit organization with the stated mission of promoting cooperation among scientists, defending scientific freedom, encouraging scientific responsibility, and supporting scientific education and science outreach for the betterment of all humanity.

The American Chemical Society (ACS) is a scientific society based in the United States that supports scientific inquiry in the field of chemistry.

The American Physical Society (APS) is a not-for-profit membership organization of professionals in physics and related disciplines, comprising nearly fifty divisions, sections, and other units.