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These scales provide a standardized way to compare and categorize earthquakes based on their seismic energy release. The most widely known and used magnitude scale is the Richter scale, which was developed in 1935 by Charles F. Richter. It uses a logarithmic scale to measure the amplitude of seismic waves recorded on seismographs. Another commonly used scale is the moment magnitude scale, which was introduced in the 1970s and is considered to be more accurate for larger earthquakes. This scale measures the total energy released by an earthquake, using the seismic moment as a parameter. Other less commonly used scales include the body wave magnitude, surface wave magnitude, and moment magnitude scale (mw). The choice of magnitude scale depends on the type and quality of data available, as well as the intended use of the magnitude measurement. These scales play a crucial role in earthquake research, engineering, and preparedness efforts, as they provide valuable information about the size and potential impact of an earthquake.