Cancer is a broad term used to describe a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells in the body.

Duke University is a private research university located in Durham, North Carolina, United States.

Harvard University is a renowned private research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.

Johns Hopkins University (JHU) is a private research university located in Baltimore, Maryland.

The OHSU Knight Cancer Institute (previously the OHSU Cancer Institute) is a research institute within Oregon Health & Science University.

The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

The Mayo Clinic Cancer Center (MCCC) is a National Cancer Institute (NCI)-designated Cancer Center and a division of the Mayo Clinic.