About

It was established in 2002 and is located in The Hague, Netherlands. The ICC operates under the Rome Statute, a treaty that has been ratified by 123 countries. The ICC is the first permanent international tribunal with jurisdiction over individuals accused of serious international crimes. It complements national criminal jurisdictions and steps in when states are unable or unwilling to prosecute such crimes. The court's jurisdiction is limited to crimes committed after its establishment, and it can only prosecute individuals from states that have ratified the Rome Statute or have accepted its jurisdiction on an ad hoc basis. The ICC has two main organs: the Presidency, which is responsible for the overall administration of the court, and the Chambers, which consist of different judges assigned to specific cases. It has a Chief Prosecutor who is empowered to initiate investigations and bring cases before the court. The ICC applies the principle of complementarity, which means that it can only intervene when national jurisdictions are unwilling or unable to do so. Since its establishment, the ICC has launched investigations and prosecutions related to several high-profile cases and situations, including those in Uganda, Democratic Republic of Congo, Central African Republic, Sudan (Darfur), Kenya, Libya, Cote d'Ivoire, Mali, Georgia, and Bangladesh/Myanmar. The court uses a range of measures to ensure the rights of the accused and victims, including fair trials, protection, and reparations. Despite its important role in seeking justice for international crimes, the ICC faces various challenges and criticisms. Some countries, including the United States, China, and Russia, have opted not to ratify the Rome Statute, limiting the court's influence and effectiveness. Additionally, there are concerns about the court's jurisdiction, impartiality, and its relationship with national authorities. Overall, the International Criminal Court plays a crucial role in holding individuals accountable for serious international crimes and promoting peace and justice globally. Its work continues to shape the landscape of international criminal law and contribute to the prevention and deterrence of atrocities.