Catalysis is the process of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction by the presence of a substance called a catalyst.

Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts that accelerate chemical reactions.

Heterogeneous catalysis is catalysis where the phase of catalysts differs from that of the reactants or products.

Oxygen is a chemical element with the symbol O and atomic number 8.

Polypropylene (PP) is a thermoplastic polymer that is widely used in various applications due to its desirable properties.

Proton is a subatomic particle that carries a positive electric charge.

Rhodium is a rare, silver-white metallic element that belongs to the platinum group of metals.