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The term "ecumenical" refers to the goal of fostering unity among different branches of Christianity. These councils have played a significant role in shaping the history and development of Christianity, particularly during the early centuries. The most famous ecumenical council is the First Council of Nicaea held in 325, which formulated the Nicene Creed and addressed the issue of Arianism. Other important councils include the Council of Chalcedon in 451, which defined the nature of Christ, and the Second Vatican Council held by the Roman Catholic Church in the 1960s, which introduced significant reforms and modernizations. Ecumenical councils have been instrumental in resolving theological controversies, establishing orthodoxy, and providing guidance for the worldwide Christian community.