The Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) is a mathematical algorithm used to transform a finite sequence of equally spaced samples of a function into a sequence of complex numbers representing the function’s decomposition into sine and cosine waves of varying frequencies.

The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is an efficient computational algorithm commonly used to compute the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) of a sequence or function.

Fourier analysis is a mathematical technique used to decompose complex functions into simpler trigonometric functions, known as Fourier series.

A Fourier series is a mathematical representation of a periodic function in terms of a sum of harmonically related sine and cosine functions.

Mathematics is a branch of science that deals with the study of numbers, quantities, and shapes.