An antibody, also known as an immunoglobulin, is a large Y-shaped protein produced by the immune system to neutralize pathogens such as bacteria and viruses.

Fluorine-18 (18F) is a fluorine radioisotope which is an important source of positrons.

[18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose (INN), or fluorodeoxyglucose F 18 (USAN and USP), also commonly called fluorodeoxyglucose and abbreviated [18F]FDG, 2-[18F]FDG or FDG, is a radiopharmaceutical, specifically a radiotracer, used in the medical imaging modality positron emission tomography (PET).

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a technique that allows researchers to examine the activity within the brain by measuring the changes in blood flow.

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar (glucose) levels in the body.

Neuroscience is a branch of science that deals with the study of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.

The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) is a type of receptor protein found in the central and peripheral nervous systems.

Oxygen is a chemical element with the symbol O and atomic number 8.