Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi (محمد بن موسى الخوارزمي; ), often referred to as simply al-Khwarizmi, was a Persian polymath who produced vastly influential Arabic-language works in mathematics, astronomy, and geography.

The Wikipedia page on the Arabic language provides an overview of the Semitic language spoken by millions of people in the Arab world and beyond.

Aryabhata was an ancient Indian mathematician and astronomer who lived during the 5th century AD.

Heliocentrism is a scientific model that places the Sun at the center of our solar system, with Earth and other planets revolving around it.

Sanskrit is an ancient Indo-Aryan language that originated in the Indian subcontinent around 2,500 years ago.