The American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAA&S) is one of the oldest learned societies in the United States.

The Gruber Prize in Neuroscience, established in 2004, is one of three international awards worth US$500,000 made by the Gruber Foundation, a non-profit organization based in Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut.

Harvard University is a renowned private research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.

The Kavli Prize was established in 2005 as a joint venture of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, the Norwegian Ministry of Education and Research, and the Kavli Foundation.

The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a prestigious private research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.

Neuroscience is a branch of science that deals with the study of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.

A neuroscientist (or neurobiologist) is a scientist who has specialised knowledge in neuroscience, a branch of biology that deals with the physiology, biochemistry, psychology, anatomy and molecular biology of neurons, neural circuits, and glial cells and especially their behavioral, biological, and psychological aspect in health and disease.