The American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAA&S) is one of the oldest learned societies in the United States.

The BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) is a public service broadcaster and the largest media organization in the United Kingdom.

The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a public service broadcaster in the United Kingdom, with its headquarters in London.

Craig Cameron Mello (born October 18, 1960) is an American biologist and professor of molecular medicine at the University of Massachusetts Medical School in Worcester, Massachusetts.

The Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) is a doctoral degree most commonly awarded by universities in recognition of academic research and the culmination of a person's education in a particular field of study.

Embryology (from Greek ἔμβρυον, embryon, "the unborn, embryo"; and -λογία, -logia) is the branch of animal biology that studies the prenatal development of gametes (sex cells), fertilization, and development of embryos and fetuses.

A geneticist is a biologist or physician who studies genetics, the science of genes, heredity, and variation of organisms.

Numerous key discoveries in biology have emerged from studies of RNA (ribonucleic acid), including seminal work in the fields of biochemistry, genetics, microbiology, molecular biology, molecular evolution, and structural biology.