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Basic research is a type of scientific research that is conducted to expand knowledge and understanding of fundamental principles without any specific application or immediate practical use in mind.

A summary for the Wikipedia page on MOSFET (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor) would be as follows: The MOSFET is a type of transistor widely used in modern electronic devices due to its ability to amplify and switch electronic signals.

Photolithography is a key process in the fabrication of microchips, printed circuits boards, and other microdevices.

A semiconductor is a material that has electrical conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator.

Semiconductor device fabrication is the process of creating electronic devices made of semiconducting materials.

South Korea, officially known as the Republic of Korea, is a country located in East Asia.

The Wikipedia page on the United States provides a comprehensive overview of the country.